California, New York, Massachusetts and other states have had Zero-Emission Vehicle Programs since the early 1990's. Because battery electric vehicles in those states, taking into account power plants, are far cleaner than gasoline cars in reducing urban air pollution and smog. --- The Air Resources Board studies show that battery electric vehicles emit at least 67% lower "greenhouse gases" than gasoline cars. Electric Vehicle  owners are eligible for one-time rebate of up to $5,000 from their local air quality management districts and enjoy free parking in some of the most heavily trafficked areas of the states, drive in carpool lanes with a lone occupant, and are exempt from some excise and luxury taxes. In addition, owners may also qualify for a one-time federal tax credit of 10% of the purchase price up to $4,000. Lifetime service cost is very low do to the simplicity of electric propulsion systems. --Your electric vehicle battery pack has the ability to supply power to your home for weeks during any power black outs. --You have the choice to take advantage of tax credits and use solar or wind power generation to charge your storage batteries to your transportation and housing needs.